essential

【发音】

美 /ɪ'sɛnʃl/ 英 /ɪ'senʃl/

【翻译】

1. adj.必要的；本质的

   英释:extremely important and necessary

2. n. 要素； 必需品

   英释:something that is necessary to do something or in a particular situation

【记忆】

es ＋ sent(感觉) ＋ ial(…的) → 必要的感觉 → 必要的

【短语】

1. essential oil : 香精油，精油

2. essential condition : 必要条件

3. essential hypertension : 原发性高血压；特发性高血压

4. essential element : 必需元素

5. essential component : 主要部件；主要成分

6. essential difference : 本质区别

7. essential requirements : 基本要求；基本规范

8. essential amino acid : 必需氨基酸

9. essential nutrients : 基本营养物；必需营养素（essential nutrient的复数形式）

10. essential qualities : 固有性；本质（essential quality 的复数）

11. essential point : 本质点

12. essential information : [计]基本信息

13. be essential for : 对…必不可少的

14. essential drugs : 基本药物

15. essential mineral : 知矿物；主成份矿物；基本矿物

16. essential fatty acid : 必需脂肪酸

17. essential parameter : 基本参数；本质参数

18. essential water : 组成水份

19. essential goods : 主要货物；必需品

【例句】

1. Window locks are fairly cheap and absolutely essential.

   窗锁相当便宜，绝对有必要安装。

2. Even in small companies, computers are an essential tool.

   即使在小公司里，计算机也是不可或缺的工具。

【真题例句】

1. (2017.12 • CET4 • 第二套 • 阅读理解)...curiosity is essential to one's success...

2. (2014.6 • CET4 • 第二套 • 阅读理解)...Our ability to experience sympathy is essential to the development of civilization...

3. (2014.6 • CET4 • 第二套 • 阅读理解)...tears have developed an essential role in social relationships...

4. (2014.6 • CET4 • 第二套 • 阅读理解)...But crying as an expression of feeling is unique to humans and has played an essential role in human evolution and the development of human cultures...

5. (2014.12 • CET4 • 第三套 • 阅读理解)...computer-aided design has become essential but in some ways has cheapened the design process...

6. (2013.12 • CET4 • 第二套 • 阅读理解)...we worry when we see families investing so much in this supposedly essential good...

7. (2011.12 • CET4 • • 阅读理解)...It is essential that we act with integrity in order to build the kind of world in which we want to live...

8. (2011.12 • CET4 • • 阅读理解)...Trust is essential in any important relationship...

9. (2010.12 • CET4 • • 阅读理解)...It is essential to our well-being...

10. (2009.6 • CET4 • • 阅读理解)...it is becoming essential to expand our under-standing of others and to reexamine some of our false assumptions...

【同、近义词】

1. adj.基本的；必要的；本质的；精华的

   elementary/fundamental/basic/necessary/primary/

2. n.本质；要素；要点；必需品

   element/principle/entity/necessity/requirement/texture/

【同根词】

1. adv

   essentially : 本质上；本来

2. n

   essence : 本质，实质；精华；香精

   essentiality : 重要性；本质；真髓；根本性