tough

【发音】

美 /tʌf/ 英 /tʌf/

【翻译】

1. adj.困难的

   英释:difficult to do or deal with

【短语】

1. tough guy : [美口]硬汉

2. tough it out : [美国口语]勇敢地承受；坚持到底

3. get tough with : [口语]对…强硬起来

4. tough cookie : 非常坚强的人；不易动感情的人；自信者

5. tough luck : 坏运气；真不走运

6. tough nut : 大胆果断的人；暴躁的人

7. tough love : 严厉的爱（指为起到帮助作用而严厉地对待有问题的人）

8. hang tough : 坚持到底，顽强不屈

【例句】

1. It was a tough race.

   比赛打得很艰难。

2. She’s had a tough life.

   她的生活十分艰辛。

3. The company admitted that it had been a tough year.

   公司承认那是艰难的一年。

4. Tough decisions will have to be made.

   必须作出艰难的决定。

5. The reporters were asking a lot of tough questions .

   记者们问了很多难以回答的问题。

6. (= a difficult decision ) , but we had to cancel the game because of the weather.

   尽管是一个艰难的决定，但由于天气不好我们只得取消比赛。

7. I find his books pretty tough going (= difficult to read ) .

   我发现他的书很难读。

8. Gage predicted the president’s proposal would be a tough sell (= something that is difficult to persuade someone about ) before Congress.

   盖奇预言总统的提议在国会很难通过。

【真题例句】

1. (2016.12 • CET4 • • 写作题)...deciding what to do upon graduation can be a tough decision to say the least...

2. (2013.6 • CET4 • 第三套 • 阅读理解)...Times are so tough that even bosses are taking pay cuts...

3. (2012.6 • CET4 • • 阅读理解)...which is schools that better serve our children and our nation by encouraging students to tackle tough subjects under the guidance of gifted teachers...

4. (2010.12 • CET4 • • 阅读理解)...with the tough ones taking the lead...

5. (2009.6 • CET4 • • 阅读理解)...says high-quality sustainable materials can still be tough to fine...

6. (2009.6 • CET4 • • 听力题)...He is bit of a tough character and she is rather selfish...

【同、近义词】

1. adj.艰苦的，困难的；坚强的，不屈不挠的；坚韧的，牢固的；强壮的，结实的

   difficult/strong/hard/rough/firm/

2. n.恶棍

   varlet/Highbinder/

3. vt.坚持；忍受，忍耐

   stay/stomach/go/abide/resist/

4. adv.强硬地，顽强地

   doggedly/pertinaciously/

【同根词】

1. adv

   toughly : 固执地；强硬地

2. n

   toughness : [力] 韧性；强健；有粘性

3. vi

   toughen : 变坚韧；变顽固

4. vt

   toughen : 使…坚韧；使…顽固